This Latinva Health Series will focus on Fats, as provided by the Dietary Guidelines for Americans.
Fats are found in both plant and animal foods, which are known as Dietary Fat. Most foods contain different types of fat; some provide more benefits than others. Fat is essential to your health since it supplies fatty acids and helps dissolve vitamins such as
vitamins A, D, E and K.
The Institute of Medicine has established the following ranges for total fat intake:
* Children ages 1 to 3 years = 30–40% of calories
* Children and adolescents ages 4 to 18 years = 25–35% calories
* Adults ages 19 years and older = 20–35% calories
Scientific evidence show these ranges are associated with reduced risk of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease. It is important to select foods low in saturated fats and cholesterol and avoid trans fat. Most of the fats consumed should be plant-based (polyunsaturated and monounsaturated).
The types of fatty acids consumed are more important than the total amount of fat intake. With the exception of seafood, animal fats tend to have high proportion of saturated fatty acids. With the exception of coconut oil, palm kernel oil, and palm oil, plant foods tend to have a higher proportion of monounsaturated and/or polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Fatty Acid Profiles of Common Fats and Oils

Most fats with a high percentage of saturated or trans fatty acids are solid at room temperature and are referred to as “solid fats,” while those with more unsaturated fatty acids are usually liquid at room temperature and are referred to as “oils.” Solid fats are found in most animal foods but also can be made from vegetable oils through the process of hydrogenation.
Saturated fatty acids…
The body uses some saturated fatty acids for physiological and structural functions. However, individuals have no dietary requirement for saturated fatty acids since it makes enough to meet its need.
Consuming less than 10 percent of calories from saturated fatty acids (solid fats) and replacing them with monounsaturated and/or polyunsaturated fatty acids (oils) is associated with low blood cholesterol levels. Major sources of saturated fatty acids include:
* Cheese = 9%
* Pizza = 6%
* Grain-based desserts = 6%
* Dairy-based desserts = 6%
* Chicken and chicken mixed dishes = 6%
* Sausage,franks, bacon and ribs = 5%
Sources of Saturated Fat in Diets
NHANES 2005 – 2006
To reduce the intake of saturated fatty acids, individuals should limit their consumption of the major sources that are high “solid fats” and replace them with foods that are rich in “oils”. Oils that are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids include canola, olive, and safflower oils. Oils that are good sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids include soybean, corn, and cottonseed oils.
Trans fatty acids…
Trans fatty acids are found naturally in some foods and are formed during food processing; they are not essential in the diet. Scientific evidence show an association between increased trans fatty acid intake and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, individuals should keep their intake of trans fatty acids as low as possible.
Some trans fatty acids that individuals consume are produced by a process referred to as hydrogenation. Hydrogenation is used by food manufacturers to make products containing unsaturated fatty acids, solid at room temperature (i.e., more saturated), to resist spoiling. Trans fatty acids produced this way are referred to as “synthetic” or “industrial” trans fatty acids.
Natural trans fatty acids are present in meat, milk, and milk products, therefore, their elimination is not recommended because this could have potential implications for nutrient adequacy. Consuming fat-free or low-fat milk and milk products and lean meats and poultry will reduce the intake of natural trans fatty acids.
Cholesterol…
The body uses cholesterol for physiological and structural functions. However, individuals have no dietary requirement for cholesterol since it makes enough to meet its need. Cholesterol is found only in animal foods. The major sources of cholesterol in a diet include:
* Eggs and egg mixed dishes = 25%
* Chicken and chicken mixed dishes = 12%
* Beef and beef mixed dishes = 6%
* Beef burgers = 5%
Cholesterol intake can be reduced by limiting the consumption of foods that are high in cholesterol. Cholesterol intake by men averages about 350 mg per day, which exceeds the recommended level of less than 300 mg per day. Average cholesterol intake by women is 240 mg per day.
Dietary cholesterol has been shown to raise blood LDL cholesterol levels in some individuals. Consuming less than 300 mg per day of cholesterol can help maintain normal blood cholesterol levels. Consuming less than 200 mg per day can further help individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease.
For more information, visit the Dietary Guidelines for Americans at www.dietaryguidelines.gov or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention at www.cdc.gov.
About Latinva…
Latinva is a combination of sounds that mean Latin rhythm and dance, or “dance with the beat.” It is an innovative freestyle fitness program that incorporates sexy Latin dance steps as the foundation of a fun and exciting cardio workout. Dance like a star to the high energy sounds of Latin and International music. It is a thrilling and amazing cardio dance workout that will exercise the mind, body and ignite the spirit.
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